What has driven deforestation in developing countries since. Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. In this paper i discuss the relationship between deforestation and rural poverty, policies governing. Reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries i. We read the cause and effect of deforestation in the amazon rainforest. United nations development programme, the center for international forestry research, and the international. Causes, effects and control strategies 5 deforestation are maintained. The changes in area of forest by region and subregion are shown in table 1. Rarely is there a single direct cause for deforestation.
The concern over deforestation in developing countries reflects, in part, the. Three recent estimates for developing countries between 1968 and 1978 are compared using rank order correlation. It is a serious environmental concern since it can result in the loss of biodiversity, damage to natural habitats, disturbances in the water cycle, and soil erosion. Atmospheric for global warming deforestation is the major contributor. An overview of theoretical and empirical studies on deforestation. Pakistan is not selfsufficient in wood based products and spends billions of rupees on import of wood and wood based products. An assessment of deforestation and forest degradation.
Basically, the land isnt suitable for farming on a sustainable basis. Deforestation causes of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Global society has experienced the damaging impacts of forest cover loss. Ongoing changes in the worlds climate are further increasing the environmental challenges we face. Agricultural trade, hitherto relatively neglected, is found to be one of the main factors causing deforestation.
Deforestation is the process of cutting down trees and clearing land. Explaining agricultural land expansion and deforestation in developing countries article in american journal of agricultural economics 865. Three recent estimates of the rate of deforestation in developing countries between 1968 and 1978 are compared using rank order correlation. Deforestation from 196878 in 39 countries in africa, latin. Reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries. The unfccc negotiations unfccc 2009, 2010 have encouraged developing countries to identify land use, land use change and forestry activities, in particular those that are linked to the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, and to assess their potential contribution to the mitigation of climate change. Deforestation institutional causes and solutions springerlink.
Dec 01, 2002 this comprehensive and coherent account presents the state of the art econometric analysis of tropical deforestation, quantifying and examining the local and underlying global causes. Deforestation food and agriculture organization of the united. Explaining agricultural land expansion and deforestation in. Deforestation and economie development canadian journal of. Removing or killing all trees either by natural or human disturbances is not considered deforestation if the area grows back to trees. Neomalthusian, modernization, and dependency theories are applied in a crossnational comparison of 51 developing countries. Slashand burn agriculture can be a sound agricultural practice in many instances, and has long been practiced by. Nov 24, 2010 in many developing countries, forest restoration at home has led to deforestation abroad, according to a new study in the proceedings of the national academy of sciences pnas the authors say. Globally, we have not always made wise decisions about ways to protect the environment.
A crossnational analysis confirms the most frequently cited causes of deforestation. In many countries, people clear land to use it for other purposes, such as agriculture, pasture land, and urban development. Addressing deforestation in the developing world clinton. Developing countries often outsource deforestation, study finds. Introduction understanding drivers of deforestation and degradation is fundamental for the development of policies and measures content from this work may be used under the terms. To deforest is to clean area, other than purely temporarily of forest.
This study examines the social forces that drive deforestation. An assessment of deforestation and forest degradation drivers in developing countries. Since 1978 over 750,000 square kilometers 289,000 square miles of amazon rainforest have been destroyed across brazil, peru, colombia, bolivia, venezuela, suriname, guyana, and french guiana. Developing nations are faced with a twoedged sword in the field of energy. In 2006, josh fink committed to addressing the growing problem of deforestation in the developing world, by supporting and working with an organization whose aim is to address deforestation in the developing world. Deforestation and forest degradation are rapid in the mountain areas of developing countries, which often are characterized by rapid population growth and resulting into land scarcity and poverty. An assessment of deforestation and forest degradation drivers. Most often, multiple processes work simultaneously or sequentially to cause deforestation. Pdf developing nations are faced with a twoedged sword in the field of energy.
Boahene african society for environmental management, po box 2205, 3500 ge utrecht, the netherlands. Reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries redd by maria j. As the concentration of carbon dioxide increases, a layer forms in the atmosphere that traps sun radiation. Deforestation from 196878 in 39 countries in africa, latin america, and asia is significantly related to the rate of population growth over the period and to wood fuels production and wood exports in 1968. According to fao, deforestation is the conversion of. There are several effects of deforestation on earths climate and nature. At the same time deforestation may be causing increased prices or shortages of fuels.
The role of social work shanta pandey washington university to alleviate rural poverty most developing countries have been launching a wide variety of rural development activities. On the basis of the elasticity of deforestation with respect to different first and secondlevel causes, some possible policy interventions in selected countries are also discussed. Introduction pursuant to sbsta decision fcccsbsta2006l. Annals of the association of american geographers 752. Penny encyclopedia of life support systems eolss twentieth century, all sahelian countries have been facing a dramatic increase in population, consecutive years of little or no rain, a severe decline in the availability of. Addressing the underlying causes of deforestation and forest. Barnest departments of geography and environmental studies, university of california, santa barbara, ca 93106 tworld bank, washington, d. Deforestation in other developing countries, deforestation in 200112 superior to 6,000 km 2 we can see that if, from 2005 onward, deforestation was reduced in brazil 12 thanks to stringent national policies, it may have simply leaked across into neighboring countries such as bolivia, paraguay, and peru. Nov 24, 2010 developing countries engaging in forest restoration projects are looking elsewhere for timber, prompting an increase in deforestation rates in other nations that is according to the findings of new research carried out by a multinational team of scientists, who fear that, while many developing nations may have launched highprofile and muchpraised restoration schemes over recent years.
Although tropical forests are largely confined to developing countries, they arent just meeting local or national needs. According to the unredd framework 12, half of deforestation in tropical areas is caused by livelihood. Feb 26, 2020 deforestation data is annual on this page. Many energy policies and programs have been attempted to provide improved energy facilities to households living in rural areas of developing. Indeed some 31 countries do not even make the list because they have already removed most of their forests and even if that remain are seriously fragmented and degraded. The important role that forestrich developing countries can play in combatting climate change by reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation has become central to international dialogues. Deforestation and rural poverty in developing countries. Deforestation of the amazon rainforest the story so far. The causes of deforestation in developing countries. Study on the evolution of some deforestation drivers and. Learn reasons for deforestation and discover the consequences of.
Removing trees causes soil erosion and this, in turn, leads to dry and less fertile soils making it harder to grow crops. Deforestation is primarily a concern for the developing countries of the tropics myers. Deforestation and climate change congressional research service 2 with developing countries to conserve their tropical forests. Deforestation and degradation represent over one third of total emissions in developing countries, where many large tropical forests are found. Basic concepts of deforestation, degradation, and fragmentation 2. Focusing on the effect of international trade, we show that countries with different levels of relative forest cover react differently to a shock in agricultural exports value. The contributors are distinguished authors from developed and developing countries, and are based in research institutions and international agencies.
Deforestation, distribution and development nc state university. Pdf the causes of deforestation in developing countries. Environmental challenges in developing countries the health of the environment plays a prominent role in everyday life. Social determinants of deforestation in developing countries. Developing nations exporting deforestation nature the. Problems of deforestation agriculture project topics. There is a clear linkages between deforestation and worlds demands of fiber, food, and fuel understanding the underlying or indirect causes of deforestation is crucial to address redd and climate change most deforestation is driven from outside forestry sector e. Study on the evolution of some deforestation drivers and their potential impacts on the costs of an avoiding deforestation scheme in the context of the framework contract no. The cause and effect of deforestation in the amazon. Rapid population growth, expansion of cropland, and intensive harvesting of forests for fuelwood and wood exports contribute to deforestation in different areas of the world although the time lags be. What has driven deforestation in developing countries. Furthermore, deforestation is mostly in tropical developing countries.
On the one hand the rising price of oil has reduced the. Articles the causes of deforestation in developing countries julia c. Pakistans forest resources are shrinking at a rate of one percent which will have dreadful effects on the people of pakistan. Sources of deforestation in tropical developing countries. The concept of compensated reduction of tropical deforestation the idea that tropical countries might reduce national deforestation under an historical baseline and be allowed internationally tradable. On the one hand the rising price of oil has reduced the potential. Deforestation is the clearing of trees without the intent of replacing them or reestablishing a stand of trees.
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